controllable pulse parameter tms device ctms3  (Rogue Research inc)

Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Selective Suppression of Local Interneuron Circuits in Human Motor Cortex Contributes to Movement Preparation

doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2869-17.2017

Figure Lengend Snippet: Reaction time tasks and stimulus timings. A , For the SRTT in experiment 1, participants performed the task with their right wrist, and median nerve stimulus (MNS) and TMS stimulus timings were limited to WS and IS time points. B , For the CRTT in experiment 2, a noninformative visual WS (left and right LEDs lit for 150 ms) preceded a left or right IS (75 ms duration), which cued a response with either the left or right index, respectively. C , In experiment 3, participants performed separate blocks of the SRTT with their left and right index fingers. They received a visual WS (150 ms duration) before a visual IS (75 ms duration). D , For the Go/No Go task in experiment 4, an auditory WS (500 Hz tone, 150 ms duration) preceded either a green (Go) or red (No Go) visual stimulus (75 ms duration), which cued the execution of a right index response and the withholding of a response, respectively. Within each experiment, stimuli were delivered at one of several time points in a trial: at the WS, in the warning period (WP) 0.25 s after the WS and before the IS ( B , C ) at the IS and after the IS at 35% and 70% of the mean baseline reaction time (35% RT , 70% RT ). TMS was delivered with the coil positioned to induce PA currents (see A ) only in experiment 1, and both PA and AP currents (position coil handle rotated 180° around the intersection of coil windings) in experiments 2–4. Note that for trials cueing a right-hand response, MEPs were recorded from the (right) responding hand; and for trials cueing a left-hand response, MEPs were recorded from the (right) nonresponding hand. An example raw EMG trace is shown at the bottom to illustrate the MEP against the background voluntary muscle activity during experiments 2–5.

Article Snippet: For experiments 2–5, MEPs in the dominant right FDI were evoked using a prototype controllable pulse parameter TMS device (cTMS3, Rogue Research Inc.; see also ) that was connected to a standard figure-of-eight coil (wing diameter, 70 mm; Magstim).

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Selective Suppression of Local Interneuron Circuits in Human Motor Cortex Contributes to Movement Preparation

doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2869-17.2017

Figure Lengend Snippet: A , B , During the choice reaction time task, MEP amplitudes in the right FDI shown normalized to the WS time point (colored lines, left y -axis) were suppressed more for AP currents than for PA currents at the IS during right hand-responding trials ( A ) and at the IS and 70% RT in right-hand nonresponding trials ( B ). The facilitation of MEPs in right hand-responding trials at 70% RT was similar for both current directions ( A ). Voluntary rms EMG (colored bars, right y -axis) measured before the TMS pulses is shown normalized to values at the WS, and was similar for PA and AP currents across different time points for right hand-responding ( A ) and nonresponding trials ( B ). C , D , MEP latencies were longer for AP currents compared with PA currents in both right hand-responding ( C ) and nonresponding ( D ) trials at all time points except 70% RT in responding trials. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, compared with the WS time point within each current direction; ++ p < 0.01, +++ p < 0.001, AP vs PA.

Article Snippet: For experiments 2–5, MEPs in the dominant right FDI were evoked using a prototype controllable pulse parameter TMS device (cTMS3, Rogue Research Inc.; see also ) that was connected to a standard figure-of-eight coil (wing diameter, 70 mm; Magstim).

Techniques:

Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Selective Suppression of Local Interneuron Circuits in Human Motor Cortex Contributes to Movement Preparation

doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2869-17.2017

Figure Lengend Snippet: A , During the simple reaction time task, MEP amplitudes in the right FDI shown normalized to the WS time point (colored lines, left y -axis) and were suppressed more for AP currents than for PA currents at the IS and 35% RT during right hand-responding blocks. The facilitation of MEPs in the same block at 70% RT was similar for both current directions. B , However, for right-hand nonresponding blocks, normalized MEP amplitudes were suppressed to a similar extent for AP and PA currents at all times following the WS. Voluntary rms EMG (colored bars, right y -axis) measured before the TMS pulse is shown normalized to values at the WS, and was similar for PA and AP currents across different time points for right hand-responding ( A ) and nonresponding ( B ) blocks. C , MEP latencies measured at the WS were longer for AP currents compared with PA currents in both right hand-responding and nonresponding blocks. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, compared with WS time point within each current direction; + p < 0.05, ++ p < 0.01, +++ p < 0.001, AP vs PA.

Article Snippet: For experiments 2–5, MEPs in the dominant right FDI were evoked using a prototype controllable pulse parameter TMS device (cTMS3, Rogue Research Inc.; see also ) that was connected to a standard figure-of-eight coil (wing diameter, 70 mm; Magstim).

Techniques: Blocking Assay

Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Selective Suppression of Local Interneuron Circuits in Human Motor Cortex Contributes to Movement Preparation

doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2869-17.2017

Figure Lengend Snippet: A , B , During the Go/No Go task, MEP amplitudes in the right FDI, shown normalized to the WS time point (colored lines, left y -axis), were suppressed more for AP currents than for PA currents at the IS compared with the WS ( A ), indicating a selective anticipatory suppression in response to the WS. However, during successful No Go trials of the Go/No Go task, MEP amplitudes normalized to the IS were suppressed to a similar extent for AP currents as for PA currents at 70% RT when compared with those at the IS ( B ), indicating a similar reactive suppression in response to the No Go signal. The facilitation of MEPs in Go trials at 70% RT was similar for both current directions. Voluntary rms EMG measured before the TMS pulse (colored bars, right y -axis) is shown normalized to values at the WS ( A ) and IS ( B ), and was similar for PA and AP currents across different time points for Go and No Go trials. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, compared with IS time point within each current direction; + p < 0.05, AP vs PA.

Article Snippet: For experiments 2–5, MEPs in the dominant right FDI were evoked using a prototype controllable pulse parameter TMS device (cTMS3, Rogue Research Inc.; see also ) that was connected to a standard figure-of-eight coil (wing diameter, 70 mm; Magstim).

Techniques: